Asphaltic emulsion



Patented oot. I7,

, signor to Amiesite Asphalt'Compan'y of :Amer- :ica, Camden, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey;

iris

n and at the same time to so treat the asphaltfthat when it is precipitated from themenstruum'or No Drawing. Ap pli cationSeptember 14, 1929 F SerialNo. 392,735

5 claim resist-' 1).

This invention ;relates to aqueous emulsions of the asphalts, such asare used forbinding the mineral aggregate of a road paving and more particularly to the production; of an 1 emulsion ordispersion of asphalt in water which has a I substantially larger asphaltic content than those emulsions which have heretofore been made andtity of-thefmenstruum waterlf The object of this invention isto produce a dispersion of asphalt in a relatively-small 'quantity of water or in a proportion of water substantially smaller than that heretofore'used in make ing asphaltic emulsions for the" binders of aggregateand to obtain a richer emulsion of asphalt consequently has a substantially smaller quanwhen the water is'evaporated therefrom,.as a result of coating objects therewith, the viscosity, toughness, cohesiveness, adhesiveness, water resistance' of the-asphalt are all substantially increased-and'the penetration, as measured by a;

Dow penetronietenis substantially decreased;

A further object of this invention is. to pro-1 duce an asphaltic cement for aggregate or for coating otherpobjects than stone aggregate,

which may be applied to and which will firmly adhere to the object whether the object be'dry L or wet at the time of the application of the emulsion thereto. b A further object of this invention is to produce a. slow setting asphaltic cement for aggregate of such a character that mineral aggregate may be coated therewith at aplant' remote from the road building operation andshipped thereto, or ;may be stored until'ready foruse, without havin the coated pieces of a gregate firmly agglomerate intransit or storage. I Y a r ,7 A further; object of this invention is to. produce an asphaltic emulsion which will form on the stone a thicker coating than that obtainable from the us'e'of emulsions' of'asphalts heretofore used for the purpose; i W r A further object of this invention is to form an aqueous dispersion of asphalt in'water withoutmaking necessary the use of an oily volatile liquefier.

The preferred manner of making the binding and coating material constituting the present invention consists in dissolving substantially 9 parts, by weight, of soap in substantially '18 parts by weight-of warm water; To the soapy water.

thus formed is slowly added, with vigorous agitation, about 20 parts, by weight, of a low grade fuel oil or a crude oil having 'an asphaltic base,

to produce a disprsiop bf the ion? in thewarm soapy water. w

The oil that is preferred for the'practicef'of this invention, is low grade fuel oil, by'which is meant an oil; that is low in cost and comparatively low in heatunits, but having a substantial asphaltic content "(preferably about 10%) because such oils contribute to the reduction in the cost of the material produced; because they soften andmake workable the asphalt; and because they enable, one to use a relatively tough fasphalt for the. production of an em ulsion; Unless specifically stated, however, itheinvention is not to be construed as limitedto the use of a lowgrade 'fuel oil, becauseother oils'may be used in lieu'of fuel'oil with considerable success.

* The; low grade'fuel oil which .is preferably used should have an asphaltic content of substantially 10% or. more as measured by precipitation with 8 6 inaphtha; should contain a ratherhigh'p'er 'centage of unsaturated hydrocarbons, showing an iodine value of 40 or more; and should have" a" specific gravity of from .95 to .98. .For convene ienee herein, the term emulsive oil is used to include fuel pil, crude oil, or any of the relatively involatile heavy oils usually used as liquefiers or fluxes for the asphaltsinlpaving mixtures, and ffuel oilf -is hereingused to, define the common oils on the market and used for burning in plants or residences for heating purposes; among which are those oils knownin the trade as fBunker C v and similar metals similarly increase the ductil-.

ity of the asphalt andlower the penetration index or. number thereof, and hence any of these metallic-salts of the fatty acids may be used successfully in thefpractice drums process, and are fully 10o Within the scope and purview of this invention.

The; amount of oleate or stearateslo added tothe emulsion is small, preferably from 1 to2'parts by weight.

The salt of formly distributed throughout the emulsion, asphalt, preferably heated, is now slowly added thereto, with agitation, until substantially 296 parts, by weight, have been added thereto and distributed uniformly throughout the mixture.

the fatty acid having been unihi5 During themixingof the asphalt with the emul-'- sion and the dispersing of the'asphalttherein, the materials are thoroughly stirred orpotherwise agitated and the best results will beobtained if the vmixture is kept heated. The temperature at which the mixture is maintainedis not very portant so long as it is below the' boiling point of water, for it is undesirable to substantially reduce the water which constitutes the menstruum or" the emulsion prior to the application of the emulsion,

to the aggregate. 4

Nor is it necessary to the success of this process that the oleate or that the. fuel oilbef added, at

any definite stage of the process so long asthey;

are reduced to a dispersion in wate'rat the time of the final mixing operation,

ier-1- in? s al 2W. i wan W t WW satisfactory results the order 'ofsteps first "above. iven re r ier eqphalt being about 4.25 times the weight of the water in which said asphalt and oil are dispersed. f Having thus described .my invention, What I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent of the United States is: r 1- s hi ni q s. 's Qs tw m pped t and ready for application without heatingto an unheated aggregate comprising a dispersion in soapy water-of asphalt substantially 296 parts, an involatile heavy emulsified oil substantially 20 parts, a salt ofv a fatty acid having a greater affinity fo'roils'than for water, from 1 to 4 parts and water, soluble. soap substantially 9 parts, the proportions; given. being by weight.

2. Abituminousficomposition adapted to and .IIZQQQXV for ap ication without heating to unere Y fiiui lfgg sa @511 v r s n wat r; She

aw C uel 01 'c n i m sgb'sieni 'e v ell? o a. fatty i sew 7g gn t or. cils a for W ter; and bi umsn; he ewe in ed e t ein ube iia lx hr mow n bi sm n y w i ht F,

which, consists dissolvingwaten-soluble soap in warm. Water, slowly. adding. theretoxfuel. oil. with vigorous? agitation "to form; adispersionlofs-the. oil I inthewater; mixingltherewith-a water-insoluble,

waterfeindispersable. metallic salt of. a fatty; acid,v

andv slowly'a'dding to-thelmixturetunder continuitionadap'ted to be ;di--f J Barts;

' g 4; .Theniethod of making-a bituminous cement,-

e ed jaggregat"comprising a dispersion in Water'o asphalt substantially 296 parts, an invola rit and each} crude o'il'should' tetarerm-mssmmed: vigorous agitation melted bitumen the D 1 29 as tested: to determinetheasphalticbontent "and; q o s of h i s by wei t ing sub stantia11y;-" 7 I 1 Y weer-. 1; is 1 c 56 fiil nj 2 mg; er f.i'i d; h' Z2 12:

.presence'pf the asph t M 1 to 2 appears t o be h 1 I as be vi ...4. i. -1-1- can: 5-. T-he methodofimakinga bituminous cement, 5" whichconsistsinfdispersing a fue'ljoil-lsubstan tially'f20-p'arts) in water '('substanti'a'lly '78 parts) s K I e I W containi'rfgfa water sdluble 's'oap- (substantially 9: and: ich* 7 iagg'i'eg'ate parts), adding thereto a small" quantity (from c here tofeacli othergi s' substantially"increased; 1' to 2 partsYiiia metallic-salt of afat'ty acid, anda thicker oatmg or as jisfforrneda rf't hex said salt having a'gr'eater affinityior oils' was -35 an-that j for water'andjs'lowlyaddingtothe mixture under w I l y i vigorou'sagitati'on; 'melted bitum'en(substantiallyny lgnowledgei Briefly, 296 parts) and continuing the agitation until'the or'oughly: ag itatin'g a'spha mass" is homoger ms, the aboveprjopor'tions be- "inane-as n'g 'yweighti P -4 '3 1 DONALD MCK: HEPBUBN; i 

